Characteristics of mastoid carcinoma patients in Otorhinolaryngology-HNS Department Zainoel Abidin General Hospital Banda Aceh

Abstract

Background: Mastoid carcinoma is a rare case of an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Purpose: To identify the characteristics of mastoid carcinoma patients in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh. Method: This was a descriptive study using medical records data from January 2012 to July 2019, and from the histopathological data as a confirmation. Result: There were 9 cases consisted of 4 male and 5 female patients with the ratio 1:1.2, between the age of 12-72 years old, and the majority was in 41-60 years group of age. Clinical symptoms obtained are otalgia (100%), otorrhea (100%),facial paresis (100%), hearing loss (100%), ear canal mass (100%) and retroauricular mass (44.4%). The histopathological type of all cases was squamous cell carcinoma (100%). Based on CT scan examination results, there were 55.6% cases in stage IV and 44.4% in stage III. Chemotherapy was given to 89% of patients, and 11% received radiotherapy. Conclusion: Mastoid carcinoma is a rare case. In our study, there were 4 male and 5 female patients with mastoid carcinoma. The histopathological type of all patients was squamous cell carcinoma, in stage III and IV. Chemotherapy was given to 9 patients, and 1 patient received radiotherapy.

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Karsinoma mastoid merupakan kasus yang jarang namun serta bersifat agresif dan memiliki prognosis buruk. Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik pasien karsinoma mastoid di Bagian Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher, Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh periode Januari 2012 sampai Juli 2019 dan data hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi sebagai konfirmasi. Hasil: Didapatkan 9 kasus terdiri dari 4 pria dan 5 wanita dengan perbandingan 1:1,2. Sebaran usia pasien dari 12 sampai 72 tahun dengan insiden puncak usia 41-60 tahun. Gejala klinis yang didapatkan adalah otalgia (100%), sekret telinga (100%), paresis fasialis (100%), penurunan pendengaran (100%), massa di liang telinga (100%) dan massa retroaurikular (44,4%). Tipe histopatologi seluruh kasus adalah Squamous Cell Carcinoma (100%). Stadium IV sebesar 55,6% dan stadium III sebesar 44,4% ditentukan berdasarkan CT Scan. Dilakukan kemoterapi pada 89% pasien dan radioterapi pada 11% pasien. Kesimpulan: Karsinoma mastoid merupakan kasus yang jarang. Pada penelitian kami didapati 4 pasien laki-laki dan 5 pasien perempuan penderita karsinoma mastoid dengan usia terbanyak pada 41-60 tahun. Histopatologi seluruh pasien merupakan karsinoma sel skuamosa stadium III dan stadium IV. Kemoterapi diberikan kepada 9 pasien, dan 1 pasien mendapat radioterapi.

Kata kunci: karsinoma mastoid, karakteristik, gejala klinis, histopatologi, terapi