Perbedaan transpor mukosiliar pada pemberian larutan garam hipertonik dan isotonik penderita rinosinusitis kronis

Abstract

Latar belakang: Rinosinusitis kronis (RSK) merupakan inflamasi mukosa hidung dan sinus paranasal dengan jangka waktu gejala 12 minggu atau lebih. Transpor mukosiliar merupakan suatu mekanisme pertahanan lokal pada hidung dan sinus paranasal. Pada RSK terjadi disfungsi transpor mukosiliar. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan transpor mukosiliar pada pemberian larutan garam hipertonik dan isotonik pada penderita RSK. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental murni dengan desain uji klinis randomisasi. Sampel terdiri dari dua kelompok, yaitu RSK yang mendapat larutan garam isotonik dan RSK yang mendapat larutan garam hipertonik. Tiap kelompok terdiri dari 25 sampel. Waktu transpor mukosiliar dilakukan pra dan pasca terapi memakai uji sakarin. Hasil: Secara keseluruhan, selama dua minggu masa terapi, didapati penurunan waktu transpor mukosiliar pada kelompok pasien yang diberi larutan garam hipertonik (13,00±2,12 menit) lebih besar dibandingkan pada kelompok pasien yang diberi larutan garam isotonik (6,84±2,54 menit) dan secara statistik terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,001). Kesimpulan: Pemberian larutan garam hipertonik dapat menurunkan waktu transpor mukosiliar lebih besar dibandingkan larutan garam isotonik pada penderita rinosinusitis kronis.

Kata kunci: Transpor mukosiliar, larutan garam isotonik, larutan garam hipertonik, rinosinusitis kronis

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinuses mucosa with periods of symptoms 12 weeks or more. Mucociliary transport plays a role as local defense mechanism of the nasal and paranasal sinuses. In CRS, there are dysfunctions on the mucociliary transport. Purpose: This study aimed to find out the difference of mucociliary transport after nasal washing with hypertonic and isotonic saline solutions in patients with CRS. Methods: This was a pure experimental study with randomized controlled trial designs. The sample was divided into 2 groups: CRS with isotonic saline solution and CRS with hypertonic saline solution treatment. Each group was consisted of twenty five samples. The mucociliary transport time examination were performed pre and post treatment by using saccharin test. Result: During the 2 weeks of therapy, the overall of mucociliary transport time reduction in the group of patients given hypertonic saline solution (13.00±2.12 minutes) were bigger than in the group of patients who were given isotonic saline solution (6.84±2.54 minutes) and there was a significant difference statistically (p<0.001). Conclusion: Hypertonic saline solution is better than isotonic saline solution in reducing mucociliary transport time.

Keywords: Mucociliary transport, isotonic saline solution, hypertonic saline solution, chronic rhinosinusitis