Hubungan jenis bakteri aerob dengan risiko tuli sensorineural penderita otitis media supuratif kronis

Abstract

Background: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) as sequelae of chronic supurative otitis media(CSOM) is still debatable. Previous researches had shown the role of bacterial toxin upon the roundwindow membrane which could induce SNHL. Purpose: To find the relationship between the kind ofaerobic bacteria with the risk of SNHL in CSOM patients. Method: This study used cross sectional 2005 toDecember 31design and involved 45 CSOM patients with SNHL in Dr. Saiful Anwar hospital from January 1, 2010. The specimen for microbacterial cultures and sensitivity tests were taken from themastoid antrum during mastoidectomy. Statistical analysis employed Spearman correlation test, t-test,and Mann Whitney. Result: The mean values of bone conduction threshold (BCT) in all of CSOM cases,especially in dangerous type CSOM patients, with bacteria culture showed Staphylococcus aureus werehigher than others bacteria (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was significant relationship between the kindof aerobic bacteria with the BCT averages in CSOM patients, especially dangerous type CSOM patients.s
Keywords: CSOM, SNHL, aerobic bacteria, toxin, bone conduction threshold

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Tuli sensorineural yang disebabkan oleh otitis media supuratif kronis (OMSK)mekanismenya belum diketahui secara pasti. Beberapa penelitian telah menunjukkan peran toksin bakterimerusak telinga dalam, sehingga menyebabkan tuli sensorineural. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antarajenis bakteri aerob dengan risiko tuli sensorineural penderita OMSK. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakandesain cross sectional dengan melibatkan 45 penderita OMSK yang disertai tuli sensorineural di RSUDDr. Saiful Anwar Malang, pada periode 1 Januari 2005-31 Desember 2010. Kultur bakteri diambil dariswab antrum mastoid saat operasi mastoidektomi. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Spearman,uji t dan Mann Whitney. Hasil: Rerata ambang hantaran tulang cenderung lebih tinggipadapenderitadengan hasil kultur Staphylococcus aureus dibanding jenis bakteri lainnya. Hal ini berlaku pada penderitaOMSK keseluruhan dan OMSK tipe maligna saja (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermaknaantara jenis bakteri aerob dengan rerata ambang hantaran tulang penderita OMSK, khususnya OMSKtipe maligna.  
Kata kunci: OMSK, tuli sensorineural, bakteri aerob, toksin, ambang hantaran tulang